批发工业润滑剂和油品：经验证的供应商

Gear oils: ISO VG 68–1500 for enclosed gear boxes; EP (extreme pressure) additives (ZDDP or sulphur/phosphorus) for high-load hypoid and worm gears; synthetic PAO gear oils for extended drain intervals. Hydraulic fluids: ISO VG 32, 46, 68 for mobile and industrial hydraulics; HEES biodegradable ester hydraulic fluids for environmental sensitivity zones; HWCF (water-based fire-resistant) for foundry and mining. Cutting fluids: water-soluble metalworking fluids (emulsions, semi-synthetics, synthetics) for turning, milling, grinding, drilling; neat cutting oils for broaching and heavy-duty operations; bio-stable metalworking fluids for low-biocide requirements. Greases: NLGI 2 multipurpose lithium grease (most widely used); calcium sulfonate complex for water washout resistance; PTFE-filled for food processing; bentonite clay grease for high-temperature applications. Turbine oils: ISO VG 32 and 46 with rust and oxidation (R&O) inhibitors; turbine-approved oils (GE, Siemens approvals).

ISO VG (ISO 3448) classifies industrial lubricants by kinematic viscosity at 40°C in centistokes (cSt). Standard grades: ISO VG 10, 15, 22, 32, 46, 68, 100, 150, 220, 320, 460, 680, 1000, 1500. Each grade has a ±10% tolerance band around the midpoint. Selection guides: spindle oils (ISO VG 2–10), hydraulic oils (ISO VG 32–68), gear oils (ISO VG 150–460), open gear compounds (ISO VG 680–1500). For automotive lubricants, SAE viscosity grades (0W-20, 5W-30, 15W-40) apply — conversion: SAE 30 monograde ≈ ISO VG 100; SAE 40 ≈ ISO VG 150. Synthetic base oils (PAO, ester, PIB) allow higher VI (viscosity index >200) enabling cross-grade performance.

NLGI (National Lubricating Grease Institute) grades define grease consistency by penetration depth (ASTM D217): Grade 000 (very fluid, semi-fluid), Grade 0 (semi-fluid), Grade 1 (soft), Grade 2 (most common multipurpose), Grade 3 (firm), Grade 4 (very firm), Grade 5 (hard), Grade 6 (very hard). NLGI 2 lithium EP grease is the global standard for wheel bearings and industrial general purpose. Selection by application: Grade 0 for centralised lubrication systems; Grade 2 for ball and roller bearings, chassis; Grade 3 for applications subject to vibration; Grade 4–5 for open gears and wire ropes.

Food-grade lubricants must be registered with NSF International: NSF H1 (incidental food contact acceptable — used in food machinery where there is a possibility of incidental contact with food); NSF H2 (no food contact — used in non-food-contact areas); NSF 3H (for direct food contact surfaces — typically release agents). H1-registered lubricants must use base oils and additives from the FDA 21 CFR approved list (white oils from 21 CFR 178.3620; PTFE from 21 CFR 178.3297; vegetable oils from 21 CFR 184). EU equivalent: Regulation (EC) 852/2004 on food hygiene requires food establishment operators to use lubricants that meet food safety requirements — H1 registration is widely accepted as evidence of compliance. Major H1 lubricant suppliers: Fuchs FoodProof, Klüber Lubrication, NSF International database lists 10,000+ registered products.