批发化肥和农药：经验证的供应商

Nitrogen fertilizers: Urea (46-0-0, granular or prilled — from SABIC, OCI, Yara, Ostchem), suitable for broadcast, blending, and UAN liquid. CAN (calcium ammonium nitrate, 27-0-0) — preferred in EU for reduced nitrogen leaching; UAN (urea ammonium nitrate solution, 28–32% N) for liquid application. Phosphate fertilizers: SSP (single superphosphate, 18–20% P₂O₅), TSP (triple superphosphate, 44–46% P₂O₅), MAP (monoammonium phosphate, 11-52-0), DAP (diammonium phosphate, 18-46-0). Potash: MOP (muriate of potash, 60-0-60, from Russia, Belarus, Canada, Israel), SOP (sulphate of potash, 0-0-50, premium for chloride-sensitive crops). NPK compounds: 15-15-15, 20-20-0+S — granulated, coated, or blended grades. All fertilizers should carry SGS or Bureau Veritas quality inspection certificates and CoA per shipment.

Herbicides: selective (targeting specific weed types — glyphosate for broad-spectrum post-emergence, atrazine for maize) and non-selective; WSSA classification by mode of action (HRAC groups A–Z). Insecticides: organophosphates (chlorpyrifos — restricted in EU), pyrethroids (cypermethrin, deltamethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin), neonicotinoids (imidacloprid, thiamethoxam — EU outdoor use banned for bee impact), biologicals (spinosad, abamectin). Fungicides: triazoles (propiconazole, tebuconazole), strobilurins (azoxystrobin), SDHI (boscalid, fluxapyroxad), copper-based. Registration requirements: REACH for EU import; US EPA registration (FIFRA); APVMA in Australia; CCAP/PMRA in Canada. Always request current product registration certificates for the destination country.

In the EU, plant protection products (PPPs) are regulated under Regulation (EC) 1107/2009, distinct from REACH (which covers general chemicals). Active ingredients must be approved at EU level (Annex I inclusion); formulated products require national authorisation in each EU member state. The EU pesticide database (ec.europa.eu/food/plants/pesticides) lists all approved actives and their expiry dates. Basic substances (naturally occurring, non-commercial use) have a simplified approval route. Maximum Residue Levels (MRLs) for pesticides in food are set under Regulation (EC) 396/2005. Buyers should: (1) confirm the active ingredient is EU-approved; (2) confirm the formulation is registered in target EU country; (3) verify MRL compliance for export crop with MRL set in receiving country.

Agrochemicals span multiple UN hazard classes: Class 5.1 oxidisers — ammonium nitrate (UN 1942 prill, UN 2426 solution); Class 6.1 toxic substances — organophosphate and carbamate insecticides (e.g. methyl parathion UN 3018, chlorpyrifos-ethyl UN 2783); Class 3 flammable liquids — solvent-based pesticide emulsifiable concentrates (EC formulations); Class 8 corrosives — concentrated sulphuric acid for acidulating SSP; Class 9 miscellaneous — urea, MAP, DAP (Class 9 for large quantities of solids presenting respiratory hazard). Ammonium nitrate requires special transport and storage permits (Seveso/COMAH threshold 350 tonnes for high-sensitivity prill). Always consult a qualified DG freight forwarder for complex agrochemical shipments.